Mangosteen (scientific name: Garcinia mangostana), also known as Garcinia, Mangostin, Mangis, Mangosteen Fruit, Garcinia indica, or Phoenix Fruit, is a tropical evergreen tree and a species under the genus Garcinia in the family Clusiaceae. It is native to Southeast Asia and is highly prized for its juicy, delicate texture and slightly sweet and sour taste. It has been cultivated in Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra, the Southeast Asian mainland and the Philippines since ancient times.
The shell of the mangosteen contains a variety of active ingredients, including ketones, flavonoids, anthraquinones, fatty acids, sugars, proteins, inorganic elements and so on. Among them, ketone compounds are the focus of the chemical composition research on the mangosteen shell and also the source basis of the main pharmacological active substances in the mangosteen shell extract. α-Mangostin is an important ketone compound in the mangosteen shell, which has remarkable antioxidant properties and also has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects.
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